Atomic Theory

State the modern atomic theory and learn how atoms are constructed.

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Questions #: 45

Time: 15 minutes

Pass Score: 80.0%

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The smallest piece of an element that maintains the ________ of that element is called an atom

shape

identity

look

length

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Individual atoms can be seen to the naked eyes

True

False

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It would take millions of atoms to make a line which visible and measurable

True

False

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modern atomic theory founder

The concept that atoms play a fundamental role in chemistry is formalized by the modern atomic theory, first stated by John Dalton, an English scientist, in 1808.

True

False

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The modern atomic theory consists of

All matter is composed of atoms

Atoms of the same element are the same; atoms of different elements are different

Atoms combine in whole-number ratios to form compounds

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The word atom comes from a Greek word that means indivisible

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False

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Atoms are composed of smaller parts called

atomic particles

subatomic particles

super atomic particles

particles

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The subatomic parts inside the atoms are

electron

proton

neutron

ziatron

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Assign symbols often used to each subatomic particle

(1) electron
(2) proton
(3) neutron

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p⁺

n⁰

e^-

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A proton is larger in size (more massive) than electron

True

False

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The neutron is a subatomic particle with about the same mass as a proton

True

False

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Properties of the Three Subatomic Particles

Read the table and assign the name based on properties

Name	Symbol	Mass (approx; kg)	charge
(1)	p⁺	1.6 x 10^-27	1+
(2)	n, n⁰	1.6 x 10^-27	none
(3)	e^-	9.1 x 10^-31	1-

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Proton

Electron

Neutron

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Sub-particles in the atom are arranged at random

True

False

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Experiments by Ernest Rutherford in England in the 1910s pointed to a nuclear model of the atom

True

False

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Atom structure and behavior

The relatively massive protons and neutrons are collected in the (1) transparent of an atom, in a region called the (2) of the atom (plural nuclei). The electrons are (3) the nucleus and spend their time (4) in space about the (5)

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center

nucleus

outside

inside

orbiting

doing nothing

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The modern atomic theory

The modern atomic theory states that atoms of one element and different elements are the same

True

False

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What makes atoms of different elements different?

The fundamental characteristic that all atoms of the same element share is the number of

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protons

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Different atoms of hydrogen have one or more than one proton in the nucleus

True

False

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All atoms of iron have 26 protons in the nucleus

True

False

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Hydrogen and iron atomic numbers

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Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons

True

False

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Hydrogen deuterium and tritium

Most hydrogen atoms have a (1) transparent proton in their nucleus. However, a small number (about one in a million) of hydrogen atoms have a proton and a neutron in their nuclei. This particular isotope of hydrogen is called (2) . A very rare form of hydrogen has one proton and two neutrons in the nucleus; this isotope of hydrogen is called (3) transparent .

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single

two

deuterium

tritium

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Overall charge

Neutral atoms have the same number of (1) transparent as they have (2) , so their overall charge is (3)

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electrons

protons

neutrons

zero

one

two

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A tiny subatomic particle with a negative charge is called _______

Missing

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A subatomic particle with a positive charge is called _______

Missing

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A subatomic particle with no charge is called _________

Missing

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The model of an atom that has the protons and neutrons in a central nucleus with the electrons in orbit about the nucleus

nuclear model

proton model

neutron model

electron model

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The center of an atom that contains protons and neutrons is called _______

Missing

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The number of protons in an atom is called _________

proton number

atomic number

nucleus number

heavy number

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Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called __________

Missing

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The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus is called __________ of the isotope

total number

weight number

mass number

key number

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What are the atomic number and the mass number of carbon atoms?

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What are the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an isotope of uranium?

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What are the atomic number and the mass number of a tin atom?

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An _ __ is one- or two-letter representation of the name of an element

two words are missing

Missing

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Atomic symbol conventions

By convention, the first letter of an element’s symbol is always (1) transparent , while the second letter (if present) is (2)

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capitalized

lowercase

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The elements are grouped together in a special chart called the _ __

Two words are missing

Missing

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The elements on the periodic table are listed in order of ________ atomic number

ascending

descending

no order

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You can use the periodic table to immediately identify metals and nonmetals

True

False

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Metals are in the upper right corner of the periodic table

True

False

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There is an easy way to represent isotopes using the atomic symbols

We use the construction

A X

Z

A	X
Z

where (1) transparent is the symbol of the element, (2) is the mass number, and (3) is the atomic number.

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For the isotope of carbon that has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, the symbol is

\(^{6}_{6}\text{U}\)

\(^{12}_{6}\text{U}\)

\(^{6}_{12}\text{U}\)

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What is the symbol for an isotope of uranium that has an atomic number of 92 and a mass number of 235?

\(^{92}_{92}\text{U}\)

\(^{235}_{92}\text{U}\)

\(^{92}_{235}\text{U}\)

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How many protons and neutrons are in the iron atom

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It is common to state the mass number after the name of an element to indicate a particular isotope

Carbon-12 represents an isotope of carbon with 6 (1) transparent and 6 (2) , while uranium-238 is an isotope of uranium that has 146 (3)

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protons

neutrons

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sin cos tan Deg Rad

sin^-1 cos^-1 tan^-1 π e

x^y x³ x² e^x 10^x

^y√x ³√x √x ln log

( ) 1/x % n!

7 8 9 + MS

4 5 6 – M+

1 2 3 × M-

0 . EXP ÷ MR

± RND C = MC

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