AWS Lambda

AWS Lambda is an event-driven, serverless compute service that lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers

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Views #: 1283
Questions #: 69
Time: 10 minutes
Pass Score: 80.0%
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What are the deployment and operational tasks usually done in traditional environments that you perform when you opt in for a serverless approach in AWS?

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Identify the benefits of using AWS Lambda

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  • You can (1) without provisioning or maintaining servers.
  • It (2) for you in response to events.
  • It (3) automatically.
  • It provides built-in code (4) via Amazon CloudWatch.
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scales
run code
monitoring and logging
initiates functions
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How do event-driven architectures work?

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An (1) architecture uses events to initiate actions and communication between decoupled services.

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Which of the following are features of Lambda?

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Choose the invocation models for running Lambda functions

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In Lambda synchronous invocation model you must manage your retry strategy within your application code

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Classify services based on invocation methods of Lambda functions

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AWS Service
×Amazon API Gateway
×Amazon Cognito
×AWS CloudFormation
×Amazon CloudFront
×Amazon SNS
×Amazon S3
×Amazon EventBridge
×Amazon Kinesis
×Amazon SQS
×Amazon DynamoDB Streams
Synchronous
Asynchronous
Polling

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Match error behavior with Lambda invocation model

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Invocation model

Synchronous
Asynchronous
Polling

Error behavior

Built in - retries twice
No retries
Depends on event source
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Which statements about invocation models are correct?

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Lambda invokes your function in an __________ environment, which is a secure and isolated environment

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Missing
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Lambda cold and warm starts

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  • When an invocation is routed to a new execution environment, Lambda must initialize the environment, download the code, initialize the runtime, and any packages or dependencies required by your function.  This is the (1) latency.
  • When an invocation gets routed to an environment that is already available for the function, it gets a (2) and Lambda only needs to run the code.
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cold start
warm start
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Provisioned _________ is a Lambda feature that prepares concurrent execution environments before invocations

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Match the Lambda lifecycle steps with the correct phase

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Lifecycle step

Lambda creates or unfreezes an execution environment with the configured resources
Lambda shuts down the runtime
The event source initiates an invocation of a Lambda function

Phase

Init phase
Invoke phase
Shutdown phase
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With Lambda functions, there are only one required permission to invoke the function

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For a Lambda function to write to a DynamoDB table, you must include a trust policy that allows Lambda to "AssumeRole" so that it can take that action for another service

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You can also use IAM Access Analyzer to help identify the required permissions for the IAM execution role

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What IAM entities must be included in an execution role for a Lambda function to interact with other services, such as DynamoDB?

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Which of these statements describe a resource policy?

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S3 wants to send an event to a Lambda function, what policy should you use for this to be allowed?

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You developed a Lambda function which access a table in DynamoDB, which policy to use for this access to happen?

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What is required to establish a private connection between your VPC and AWS Lambda?

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Lambda supports C and C++ programming languages

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The Lambda function handler is the method in your function code that processes events

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Select the best practices you should consider when creating a Lambda function

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Adding logging statements to your Lambda function is not recommended as it just increases your code size

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By using Parameter Store to reference Secrets Manager secrets, you create a consistent and secure process for calling and using secrets and reference data in your code and configuration scripts

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What is the quickest and safest way to handle a situation where you deployed a recursive Lambda function by mistake?

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Match the Lambda function terms to their definitions

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  • (1) - An entry point that AWS Lambda calls to initiate your Lambda function.
  • (2) - An object with information about the event that initiated the Lambda function.
  • (3) - This is generated by AWS and provides metadata about the action
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Handler method
Context object
Event object
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The only way to author a Lambda function is throug the Lambda console

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The only deployment package AWS Lambda supports is through a container image

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What is the best purpose for authoring using the AWS Management Console?

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AWS SAM is an open-source framework for building serverless applications

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What benefit does AWS SAM's predefined policy templates provide when building Lambda functions?

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With AWS SAM CLI for testing, you can do the following

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Which AWS service can you use to automate the process of packaging code and running tests before deploying a serverless application?

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Match the items to their appropriate description

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  • (1) - Like a house blueprint - you can threat infrastructure as code
  • (2) - Streamlined CloudFormation Template for serverless applications
  • (3) - Tool for local testing and debugging of serverless applications
  • (4) - AWS SAM CLI command for deploying AWS SAM template
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AWS SAM CLI
Deploy
AWS SAM Template
CloudFormation Template
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What are the primary configuration settings when you build and test a Lambda function

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You can allocate up to ______ of memory to a Lambda function

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The AWS Lambda timeout value dictates how long a function can run before Lambda

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The maximum time out for a Lambda function is

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You are charged from the number of function invocation and the time it takes to run the code

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Price of a Lambda function depends on the amount of memory you allocate to your function, not the amount of memory your function uses

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You can use an open-source tool called Lambda Power Tuning to find the best configuration for a function

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A developer has been asked to troubleshoot a Lambda function that is in production. They've been told that it runs for 5 minutes and has been asked to reduce its duration to save on billable costs. Which actions should the developer take?

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If your Lambda function is invoked while the first request is still being processed, another instance is allocated

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There are three types of concurrency in Lambda

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In the context of AWS Lambda, how does the burst concurrency quota apply when there is a sudden increase in demand, such as during a flash sale on a website?

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When your function finishes processing an event, Lambda sends metrics about the invocation to Amazon CloudWatch

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What are some reasons a developer would set a concurrency limit (or reserve) on a function?

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When deploying AWS Lambda functions in a server-based environment, which of the following is true?

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In a serverless deployment with AWS Lambda, which of the following responsibilities is eliminated for the developer?

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Which of the following is a key feature of AWS Cloud9 that makes it particularly useful for collaborative development?

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What is the purpose of alias routing in AWS Lambda, and how can it be used during the deployment of new versions of a function?

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CodeDeploy supports the following traffic-shifting patterns

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Lambda is integrated with AWS CodeDeploy for automated rollout with traffic shifting. CodeDeploy supports multiple traffic shifting methods, in addition to alarms and hooks. CodeDeploy supports the following traffic-shifting patterns:

  • (1) – Traffic is shifted in two increments. If the first increment is successful, the second is completed based on the time specified in the deployment. 
  • (2) – With linear traffic shifting, traffic is slowly shifted in a predetermined percentage every X minutes based on how you have it configured. 
  • (3) – Shifts all traffic from the original Lambda function to the updated Lambda function version at once.
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Linear
All-at-once
Canary
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Identify the testing options which AWS CodeDeploy supports

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  • (1) – These instruct CloudWatch to monitor the deployment and trigger an alarm if any errors occurred during rollout. Any alarms would automatically roll back your deployment. 
  • (2) – Give you the option to run pre-traffic and post-traffic test functions that run sanity checks before traffic-shifting starts to the new version and after traffic-shifting completes. 
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Alarms
Hooks
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Which statements are true?

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AWS CloudWatch provides build-in metrics to help monitor Lambda functions

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  • (1) - The number of times your function code is run, including successful runs and runs that result in a function error.
  • (2) - The amount of time that your function code spends processing an event.
  • (3) - The number of invocations that result in a function error. Function errors include exceptions thrown by your code and exceptions thrown by the Lambda runtime.
  • (4) - The number of times that a process failed because of concurrency limits. 
  • (5) - Pertains to event source mappings that read from streams. The age of the last record in the event. The age is the amount of time between when the stream receives the record and when the event source mapping sends the event to the function.
  • (6) - For asynchronous invocation, this is the number of times Lambda attempts to send an event to a dead-letter queue but fails. 
  • (7) - The number of function instances that are processing events.
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Invocations
ConcurrentExecutions
Errors
IteratorAge
Throttles
DeadLetterErrors
Duration
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Your Lambda functions send trace data to X-Ray, and X-Ray processes the data to generate a service map and searchable trace summaries

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Identify the stages that makes up the total time to execute a Lambda function using AWS X-Ray

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(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Start environment, initialize environment
Hold in queue
initialize function
Run Code
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Match the task to the toll you would use to perform it

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Task

Review metrics on invocations - errors - and throttling for a Lambda function
Review trace details about an invocation to identify potential bottlenecks
Manually review errors for Lambda invocations that failed and must be addressed
Audit actions made against your applications

Tool

Amazon CloudWatch
Dead-letter queue
AWS X-Ray
AWS CloudTrail
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Which feature can a developer enable to create a copy of a function for testing?

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What are the reasons for setting a concurrency limit (or reserve) on a function?

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What is the importance of the IAM execution role?

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What does an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) resource-based policy control?

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Which of these statements describe a resource policy? (Select THREE.)

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Match the terms on the left with the appropriate definition

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Term

Producer
Router
Consumer

Definition

Create events with all required information
Ingests and filters events using rules
Subscribe and are notified when events occur
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Which patterns are Lambda invocation models?

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Which monitoring tool provides the ability to visualize the components of an application and the flow of API calls?

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Which capabilities are features of Lambda?

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