Monitoring, Load Balancing, and Scaling Essentials

The act of collecting, analyzing, and using data to make decisions or answer questions about your IT resources and systems is called __________

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Through monitoring, you can watch for operational issues caused by events like

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overuse of resources

application flaws

resource misconfiguration

security-related events

steps to setup an EC2 instance

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Some basic monitoring concepts

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The AWS resources that host your solutions create various forms of data that you might be interested in collecting. Each individual (1) that a resource creates is a (2). Metrics that are collected and analyzed over time become (3), such as average CPU utilization over time showing a spike.

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statistics

metric

data point

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Explanation

The CPU utilisation of an EC2 instance is a type of a metrics that can be monitored

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True

False

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Choose the benefits of monitoring

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Respond to operational issues proactively before your end users are aware of them.

Monitoring can improve the performance and reliability of your resources.

By monitoring, you can recognize security threats and events.

Monitoring helps you make data-driven decisions for your business.

Through monitoring, you can create more cost-effective solutions.

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When you monitor resources, events, and systems over time, you create what is called a _______

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repository

pool

baseline

dimension

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A monitoring and observability service that collects your resource data and provides actionable insights into your applications

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Amazon CloudWatch

Amazon ESB

Amazon S3

Amazon VPC

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CloudWatch alarms allow you to create threshold for the metrics you're monitoring, and these thresholds can define normal boundaries for the values of the metrics

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True

False

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In Amazon CloudWatch alarms, alarm can take one of the following states

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In alarm

OK

Insufficient data

All of the above

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You can use CloudWatch to do the following (choose the right options)

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Detect anomalous behavior in your environments.

Set alarms to alert you when something is not right.

Visualize logs and metrics with the AWS Management Console.

Configure Amazon S3 buckets.

Take automated actions like scaling.

Setup Amazon EC2 instances.

Troubleshoot issues.

Discover insights to keep your applications healthy.

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Many AWS services automatically send metrics to CloudWatch for free at a rate of 1 data point per metric per 5-minute interval.

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True

False

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Explanation

CloudWatch basic monitoring incurs a fee

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False

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You can record the number of page views you website gets if its is hosted in an EC2 instance

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True

False

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CloudWatch Dashboards are customizable home pages you can configure for data visualization for one or more metrics through widgets, such as a graph or text.

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True

False

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AWS forces you to exclusively use Amazon CloudWatch for all your visualization needs

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True

False

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CloudWatch Logs is centralized place for logs to be stored and analyzed

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True

False

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Your web application installed in an EC2 instance will automatically send its logs to CloudWatch Logs without any additional effort

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True

False

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CloudWatch Logs terminology

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A (1) is a record of activity recorded by the application or resource being monitored. it has a timestamp and an event message.
Log events are grouped into (2), which are sequences of log events that all belong to the same resource being monitored.
A (3) is composed of log streams that all share the same retention and permissions settings.

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You can configure CloudWatch alarms to send a email if CPU utilization goes over 80% for a time period of 5 minutes

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True

False

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Explanation

You can auto scale your infrastructure capacity if CPU utilisation exceed 80% for 5 minutes

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True

False

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Possible states of an alarm in CloudWatch alarms

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(1): The metric is within the defined threshold. Everything appears to be operating like normal.
(2): The metric is outside the defined threshold. This might be an operational issue.
(3): The alarm has just started, the metric is not available, or not enough data is available for the metric to determine the alarm state.

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ALARM

OK

INSUFFICIENT_DATA

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The availability of a system is typically expressed as a percentage of uptime in a given year or as a number of nines

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True

False

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The more redundant infrastructure, the higher availability you can achieve

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True

False

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There is no risk to use an active-active system if my application is stateful

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True

False

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The Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) service can distribute incoming application traffic across

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EC2 instances

containers

IP addresses

Lambda functions

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The Amazon Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) is a regional service by design

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Types of Amazon load balancers

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(1) which balances Layer 7: HTTP/HTTPs
(2) which balances Layer 4: TCP/UDP/TLS
(3) which balances 3rd party appliances Layer 3+4: IP

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Application Load Balancer

Gateway Load Balancer

Network Load Balancer

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You need to configure the following for an Application Load Balancer

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Listener

Target group

Rule

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Load balancing refers to the process of distributing tasks across a set of resources

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True

False

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ELB balances only EC2 instances hosted Amazon cloud

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False

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An ALB will not send traffic to unhealthy EC2 instance and will auto scale by itself to replace the failing instance with a healthy one

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True

False

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Scale down action

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If Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling has a scaling policy that calls for a scale down action, it informs ELB that the EC2 instance will be terminated. ELB can prevent Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling from terminating an EC2 instance until all connections to the instance end. It also prevents any new connections. This feature is called _____________.

two words

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Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling service can scale vertically and horizontally

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Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling can predict your capacity needs even if there are no issues

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There are three main components of Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling

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Launch template or configuration

Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups

Scaling policies

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EC2 Auto Scaling supports versioning, which can be used for quickly rolling back if there is an issue

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You can create a launch template in EC2 Auto Scaling using one these

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Use an existing EC2 instance. All the settings are already defined.

Create one from an already existing template or a previous version of a launch template.

Create a template from scratch. These parameters will need to be defined: AMI ID, instance type, key pair, security group, storage, and resource tags.

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Another way to define what Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling needs to scale is by using a launch configuration which is exactly the same as the launch template

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In EC2 Auto Scaling, AWS recommends you use a launch template instead of a launch configuration

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With Auto Scaling groups, you can specify the type of purchase for the EC2 instances

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EC2 Auto Scaling Minimum capacity is respected even if EC2 Auto Scaling is instructed to remove an instance

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EC2 Auto Scaling allows to set maximum capacity in order not to go above a desired budget

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You can use scaling policies in order to scale your capacity. It has these types

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Simple Scaling Policy

Step Scaling Policy

Target Tracking Scaling Policy

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You can access the load balancer through the EC2 console

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The first thing to do in order to configure Auto Scaling is to Launch template

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You can do performance test to load your system and check if auto scaling is working as expected

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You can build a dynamic web application and host css and javascript files in S3

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Amazon API Gateway can host backend APIs for a web application

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What are the three components of Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling?

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Launch template, scaling policies, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group

Scaling policies, security group, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group

Security group, instance type, key pair

Amazon Machine Image (AMI) ID, instance type, storage

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Which features are included with Elastic Load Balancing (ELB)?

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Integrating with Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling

Using artificial intelligence (AI) to categorize employee photos

Using vertical scaling for Amazon EC2 instances

Directing incoming traffic to instances

Deploying new instances as required

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What are the possible states of an Amazon Cloudwatch alarm?

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OK, ALARM, NOT_AVAILABLE

OK, ALARM, INSUFFICIENT_DATA

OK, ALERT, INSUFFICIENT_DATA

OK, ALERT, NOT_AVAILABLE

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