A minor productivity technique for hardware and software is to use abstractions to characterize the design at different levels of representation

Explanation

Both computer architects and programmers had to invent techniques to make themselves more productive, for otherwise design time would lengthen as dramatically as resources grew by Moore’s Law. A major productivity technique for hardware and software is to use abstractions to characterize the design at different levels of representation; lower-level details are hidden to offer a simpler model at higher levels