Data-Driven vs. Event-Driven Behavioral Models

(1) A phone billing system that accepts call records, calculates costs, and generates bills,Data-Driven

(2) A landline phone switching system that responds to 'handset activated', 'digits pressed', 'call connected' events,Event-Driven

(3) A microwave oven controller that responds to door open/close, button presses, and timer expiry,Event-Driven

(4) A payroll system that processes employee time records and generates pay slips,Data-Driven

Explanation

Data-driven systems are controlled by data input - processing transforms input data into output (billing, payroll). Event-driven systems respond to external stimuli/events - the system has states and transitions based on events (phone switching, microwave oven). Many real systems combine both, but their primary driver classifies them.