What advantage does the large central vacuole give a plant cell?

(1) Keeps the cell turgid (firm) by drawing in water via osmosis

(2) Stores organic compounds such as sugars, amino acids, and pigments

(3) Can store toxic chemicals that deter animals from eating the plant

Explanation

The large central vacuole provides several advantages:

• Turgor pressure - cell sap is hyperosmotic, drawing water in via osmosis, keeping the cell firm and the plant upright
• Storage - stores sugars, amino acids, proteins, and pigments
• Defense - many plant species store toxic chemicals in vacuoles; if an animal ruptures the vacuole, these can have an adverse effect on the animal

ATP production is the role of mitochondria, and cellulose synthesis occurs at the plasma membrane via enzymes, not the vacuole.