Design and Implementation - Review

A comprehensive review quiz covering Softwate Design and Implementation: object-oriented design using the UML (OO design process, use cases, architectural design, object identification, design models, interfaces), design patterns (Observer, Façade, Iterator, Decorator), implementation issues (reuse, configuration management, host-target development), and open-source development (licensing, business decisions, management practices)

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Views #: 216

Questions #: 17

Time: 15 minutes

Pass Score: 80.0%

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Step

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Mode

Exam

Practice

Build or Buy Decision

1 pts

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One of the most important implementation decisions at an early stage is whether to build or buy the application software. Which of the following correctly describes the 'buy' approach?

Outsourcing all development to an offshore team

Using only open-source components without any configuration or adaptation

Buying off-the-shelf application systems that can be adapted and tailored to users' requirements - usually cheaper and faster than developing a new system, shifting the design process to focus on configuring the product

Writing all code from scratch using a high-level programming language

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OO Design - Key Process Activities

1 pts

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Which of the following correctly identifies activities in the object-oriented design process? Select ALL that apply.

Specifying component interfaces

Writing assembly language code for each component

Identifying the principal objects in the system

Designing the system architecture

Understanding and defining the context and external interactions

Developing design models (structural and dynamic)

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Listener Model Architecture

1 pts

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The weather station architecture uses a 'listener model' where subsystems communicate by broadcasting messages on a shared Communication link, and each subsystem listens for the messages intended for it. What is the key benefit of this architecture?

It guarantees message delivery order across all subsystems

It is the fastest possible inter-component communication protocol

It prevents any subsystem from receiving messages not intended for it

It is easy to support different configurations of subsystems because the sender of a message does not need to address the message to a particular subsystem - any subsystem can listen and respond

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Design Models - Two Kinds

1 pts

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Drag the correct term into each placeholder.

When using the UML to develop a design, two kinds of model should be produced. (1) describe the static structure using object classes and their relationships - including generalization, uses/used-by, and composition relationships. (2) describe the dynamic structure and show expected runtime interactions between objects - including sequences of service requests and state changes.

Please drag and drop the selected option in the right place or type it instead

Structural models

Dynamic models

Process models

Deployment models

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Interface Design Principle

1 pts

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Why should data representation be hidden from an interface specification, with only operations included?

Because hiding data representation means it can be easily changed without affecting the objects that use that data - for example, changing a stack's array representation to a list representation without affecting objects that use the stack

Because including attributes in an interface makes the interface too complex to implement

Because the UML does not support data attributes in any diagram type

Because data representation is always confidential and must be kept secret from users

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Observer Pattern - When to Use

1 pts

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The Observer pattern is most appropriate in which of the following situations? Select ALL that apply.

When more than one display format for state information is required

When a single, fixed user interface must be tightly coupled to the data it displays

When there are multiple ways to view and interact with data and the specific display formats are not known to the object maintaining the state

When it is not necessary for the object that maintains state to know about the specific display formats used

When you need to tell several objects that the state of some other object has changed

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Pattern Identification

1 pts

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Scenario

×A music player app must update a waveform display, a track-time counter, and lyrics view simultaneously whenever the playback position changes

×A shopping cart object must be able to iterate over its list of items without exposing whether items are stored in an array, a linked list, or a database

×A legacy codebase has dozens of interrelated subsystems with inconsistent interfaces; a new module needs a single clean interface to all of them

×A text editor needs to add spell-checking, grammar-checking, and auto-save features to documents at runtime without modifying the base Document class

Observer

Façade

Iterator

Decorator

Classify each design scenario into the pattern that best solves it.

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Software Reuse - Levels

1 pts

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Please drag and drop the options to sort them

Sort the four levels of software reuse from the highest level of abstraction (most abstract, least concrete code reused) to the lowest level (most concrete, directly reusing code).

Object level - directly reusing library objects

System level - reusing entire application systems (COTS)

Abstraction level - reusing design knowledge (patterns)

Component level - reusing frameworks of cooperating objects

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Configuration Management Activities

1 pts

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Tool or Scenario

×Git and Subversion - track all changes to source files and prevent developers overwriting each other's work

×Bugzilla - allows users to report bugs and developers to see who is working on each issue and when it is resolved

×GNU build system - automatically compiles and links the right component versions to create a system build

×A release notes document describing new features and bug fixes in version 3.2.0 shipped to customers

Version management

System integration

Problem tracking

Release management

Classify each tool or scenario into the correct configuration management activity.

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Host vs Target Platform

1 pts

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Items

×IDE (e.g., Eclipse)

×Compilers

×Testing tools (e.g., JUnit)

×Execution platform / runtime environment

×Production libraries used by the running application

×Related systems the application integrates with at runtime

Host platform

Target platform

Match each item to whether it belongs to the Host (development) platform or the Target (execution) platform.

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Open-Source License Scenarios

1 pts

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To complete the line match

Click on an item in the first group
Click on an item in the second group
To delete a match, double click on a line

Company Goal

We want to allow unrestricted use in both open-source and proprietary systems with only attribution required; we impose no restrictions on derivative works

We want to ensure that all derivative works, including products that use our library, must also be open source

We want others to be able to use our library in proprietary products; we only require that if they modify our library itself, they publish those changes

License

GNU GPL

GNU LGPL

BSD / MIT License

A company is deciding which open-source license to use for its new library. Match each company goal to the most appropriate license.

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Weather Station State Machine - Initial State

1 pts

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In the weather station state diagram, which state is indicated as the initial state by the unlabelled arrow with a black blob, and what message causes the first transition out of it?

Initial state: Collecting; first transition triggered by: reportWeather() message

Initial state: Running; first transition triggered by: clock signal

Initial state: Shutdown; first transition triggered by: restart() message

Initial state: Configuring; first transition triggered by: configuration done event

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Key Points - Chapter 7 Summary

1 pts

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Which of the following statements from the Chapter 7 key points are TRUE? Select ALL that apply.

Component interfaces must be defined precisely so that other objects can use them; a UML interface stereotype may be used to define interfaces

Open-source development guarantees that a large community of volunteers will always improve any published software system

Software design and implementation are interleaved activities; the level of detail in the design depends on the type of system and whether a plan-driven or agile approach is used

Configuration management is the process of managing changes to an evolving software system; it is essential when a team of people is cooperating to develop software

Most software development is host-target development - you use an IDE on a host machine to develop software which is transferred to a target machine for execution

The process of object-oriented design includes activities to design the system architecture, identify objects in the system, describe the design using different object models, and document the component interfaces

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Use Case Description Format

1 pts

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Please drag and drop the options to sort them

A structured use case description in the weather station format includes several fields. Arrange these fields in the order they typically appear in a structured use case description.

Response

System

Comments

Use case

Data

Stimulus

Actors

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Abstraction Level Reuse - Example

1 pts

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A development team is designing a new notification system. They do not reuse any existing code, but they use the Observer pattern as the basis for their design. At which level of software reuse are they operating?

System level - because the notification system is a complete application

Object level - because they are using objects in their design

Component level - because they are building a notification component

Abstraction level - because they are reusing design knowledge (the pattern) without directly reusing any software

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Data Collection Subsystem Architecture

1 pts

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The data collection subsystem architecture includes three objects working together. In the architecture where Transmitter and Receiver manage communications and WeatherData encapsulates collected information, which design pattern does this arrangement most closely resemble?

Observer - because WeatherData notifies Transmitter of state changes

Façade - because Transmitter provides a unified interface to the data collection subsystem

Iterator - because the system iterates through each instrument in sequence

Producer-consumer pattern - because instruments produce data that is consumed by WeatherData, with Transmitter and Receiver managing the communication channel between them

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Why UML May Not Be Needed

1 pts

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In which of the following situations would using the UML to document a design NOT be the right approach?

When developing a system with a plan-driven process where design is done in one organization and implementation in another

When the system requires detailed dependability analysis or must demonstrate conformance to external regulators

When developing using a dynamically typed language like Python, where the design process is agile and design decisions are left to programmers working from informal sketches

When team members are geographically distributed and need a precise shared design artifact

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Undergraduate Professional

Build or Buy Decision

Correct Answer

Explanation

OO Design - Key Process Activities

Correct Answer

Explanation

Listener Model Architecture

Correct Answer

Explanation

Design Models - Two Kinds

Correct Answer

Explanation

Interface Design Principle

Correct Answer

Explanation

Observer Pattern - When to Use

Correct Answer

Explanation

Pattern Identification

Correct Answer

Explanation

Software Reuse - Levels

Correct Answer

Explanation

Configuration Management Activities

Correct Answer

Explanation

Host vs Target Platform

Correct Answer

Explanation

Open-Source License Scenarios

Company Goal

License

Correct Answer

Explanation

Weather Station State Machine - Initial State

Correct Answer

Explanation

Key Points - Chapter 7 Summary

Correct Answer

Explanation

Use Case Description Format

Correct Answer

Explanation

Abstraction Level Reuse - Example

Correct Answer

Explanation

Data Collection Subsystem Architecture

Correct Answer

Explanation

Why UML May Not Be Needed

Correct Answer

Explanation

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